Abstract: Summarizing the “non-grain” control measures and discussing the key direction of “non-grain” control in the future can provide reference for the improvement of the “non-grain” control system. Based on literature analysis and inductive reasoning, this paper summarizes the concept, types, current situation, causes, impacts and control measures of “non-grain”. The results showed that current researches have not yet reached a consensus on the concept and types of “non-grain”. The phenomenon of “non-grain” was expanding in China and the rate of “non-grain” was higher in economically developed regions and southern regions. The causes of “non-grain” mainly include low economic efficiency of grain cultivation, differences in regional development, multi-suitability of arable land resources, deviations in policy implementation, and other factors related to farmers. The impact of different types of “non-grain” on the quality of arable land changed significantly. The measures taken and suggested for the problem of “non-grain” included regulatory measures, economic measures, damage identification measures, and planning measures. At present, the amount and depth of research on making different control measures for cultivated lands are insufficient. In view of the current problems of weak legal persuasion and great hidden dangers in management and control, the suggestions on the corresponding provisions should been in the farmland protection Laws in the future, and the grain units, edible units and agricultural units should be demarcated at county level according to territorial spatial planning, and the scope of production, operation activities, and differential control methods of each control unit should be formulated.