Soil Fungal Community Characteristics of Seabuckthorn Plantation with Different Restoration Years in Coal Mine Reclamation Area
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摘要:
目的 探讨矿区不同恢复年限复垦地沙棘人工林土壤真菌群落组成、多样性及其影响因子。 方法 以鄂尔多斯聚鑫龙煤矿复垦区不同恢复年限沙棘人工林为研究对象,撂荒草地为对照,对研究区土样进行采集,通过高通量测序对土样真菌群落测序分析。 结果 研究区共获得真菌8门、30纲、69目、164科和285属,其中子囊菌门和担子菌门为主要菌群,占样地所有菌门的98.2%,不同恢复年限不同土层真菌群落组成存在差异。随着恢复年限的增加,研究区土壤真菌门分类水平上主要类群的个体数及类群数整体呈现增长趋势,整体高于对照样地草地。另外,恢复7年的样地土壤真菌群落丰富度及多样性显著高于其他年限和撂荒草地。冗余分析表明,研究区不同恢复年限沙棘林土壤微生物群落组成主要由土壤pH、土壤有机质含量决定,同时也与土壤氮、磷、钾元素有关。 结论 不同恢复年限沙棘人工林土壤理化性质存在差异,恢复年限的增加提高了真菌的物种丰富度及多样性。 Abstract:Objective Soil microorganism is an important component of soil ecosystem and is highly sensitive to environmental changes. The composition, diversity and influencing factors of soil fungal community in Seabuckthorn plantation need to be explored in reclaimed land of mining area at different restoration years. Methods The Seabuckthorn plantation with different restoration years in Juxinlong coal mine was taken as the research object and abandoned grassland as the control. The bacterial community in the collected soil samples was analyzed with high flux sequencing. Results The results showed that there were differences in the composition of fungal community at different soil layers with different recovery years. There were 8 phyla, 30 classes, 69 orders, 164 families and 285 genera of fungi in the study area, and ascomycetes and basidiomycetes were the main flora, accounting for 98.2% of all phyla in the sample plot. With the increase of restoration years, the number of individuals and groups of the main groups at the taxonomic level of soil fungi showed an overall growth trend, which was higher than that of the grassland in the control sample plot. In addition, the richness and diversity of soil fungal communities in the sample plots restored for 7 years were significantly higher than those in other years and abandoned grasslands. Redundancy analysis showed that soil microbial community composition was mainly determined by soil pH and soil organic matter content, and was also related to soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Conclusion The soil physical and chemical properties of Seabuckthorn plantation with different restoration years are different, and the increase of restoration years improves the species richness and diversity of fungi. -
Key words:
- High throughput sequencing /
- Restoration year /
- Mining area /
- Seabuckthorn plantation /
- Soil fungi
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表 1 样地概况
Table 1. Overview of sample plot
植被类型
Varieties of
seabuckthorn海拔
Altitude
(m)经纬度
Longitude and
latitude恢复年限
Recovery years
(a)株距 × 行距
Plant spacing ×
Row spacing
(m)平均基径
Average base
diameter
(cm)平均高度
Average height
(cm)草本植被
Herbaceous
vegetation大果沙棘 1350 E:110°3′48″
N:39°54′23″7 2 × 3 4.2 ± 0.15 168 茅草、刺儿菜、
拂子茅1320 E:110°3′48″
N:39°54′23″6 2 × 3 5.2 ± 0.19 190 ± 3.55 沙蓬 1370 E:110°4′32′
N:39°54′33′5 2 × 3 3.8 ± 0.29 167 ± 2.92
沙地1390 E:110°3′23″
N:39°54′21″4 2 × 3 4.1 ± 0.13 163 ± 2.18 沙蓬 1390 E:110°3′19″
N:39°54′20″3 2 × 3 3.0 ± 0.11 126 ± 2.3 沙蓬(大量) 草地 1390 E:110°4′32″
N:39°54′10″/ / / / 大油芒、苦麦菜、狗
尾草、羊草、苜蓿、
独行菜、黄花蒿表 2 不同恢复年限沙棘人工林土壤真菌多样性指数
Table 2. Soil fungal diversity index of Seabuckthorn plantation in different restoration years
多样性指数
Diversity
index修复年限
Recovery
year土层
Soil layer (cm)0 ~ 10 10 ~ 20 Chao1 3 a 139.29 98.40 4 a 143.16 141.61 5 a 41.41 187.49 6 a 179.52 193.37 7 a 281.25 200.57 草地 121.17 190.73 Shannon 3 a 3.00 3.53 4 a 2.92 2.95 5 a 1.25 3.06 6 a 3.36 2.98 7 a 3.74 3.76 草地 1.39 3.37 Simpson 3 a 0.56 0.58 4 a 0.56 0.55 5 a 0.34 0.55 6 a 0.57 0.54 7 a 0.58 0.58 草地 0.30 0.50 表 3 土壤理化性质
Table 3. Soil physical and chemical properties
土层深度
Soil layer
(cm)恢复年限
Recovery year土壤pH
pH有机质
SOM
(g kg−1)碱解氮
ALN
(g kg−1)全磷
TP
(g kg−1)速效钾
AK
(g kg−1)含水量
SMC
(g kg−1)0 ~ 10 3 a 8.29 ± 0.08 a 1.72 ± 0.58 c 8.57 ± 0.47 b 0.39 ± 0.11 b 85.67 ± 4.33 b 11.28 ± 0.43a 4 a 7.66 ± 0.14 a 8.51 ± 0.58 a 9.73 ± 1.63 b 0.47 ± 0.03 b 47.67 ± 1.76 c 5.10 ± 0.98 b 5 a 7.47 ± 0.06 a 7.58 ± 1.22a b 10.20 ± 1.21a b 0.54 ± 0.03 b 100.33 ± 3.48 a 5.19 ± 0.29 b 6 a 7.59 ± 0.16 a 5.32 ± 1.09 b 13.00 ± 2.10 a 0.95 ± 0.08 a 79.67 ± 2.91 b 7.9 ± 0.14a b 7 a 7.96 ± 0.02 a 10.57 ± 1.11 a 9.73 ± 1.17 b 0.33 ± 0.10 b 101.33 ± 4.49 a 5.19 ± 0.29 b 草地 7.50 ± 0.64 a 10.2 ± 0.75 a 4.90 ± 0.17 c 0.32 ± 0.98 b 55.70 ± 0.64 c 2.50 ± 0.51 b 10 ~ 20 3 a 8.53 ± 0.07 a 1.72 ± 0.58 c 7.63 ± 0.23 a 0.39 ± 0.74 c 95.33 ± 3.76 a 10.28 ± 0.12 a 4 a 7.81 ± 0.05 b 1.73 ± 0.96 c 8.57 ± 1.23 a 0.45 ± 0.03 bc 39.33 ± 3.76 d 7.81 ± 0.79 ab 5 a 7.61 ± 0.08 bc 6.25 ± 1.18 b 8.80 ± 0.70 a 0.59 ± 0.02 a 53.33 ± 1.45 c 6.32 ± 0.14 b 6 a 7.67 ± 0.09 bc 6.52 ± 0.81 b 9.73 ± 1.30 a 0.59 ± 0.01 a 68.67 ± 4.33 b 9.02 ± 0.26 a 7 a 7.83 ± 0.07 b 9.70 ± 0.81 a 8.57± 0.23 a 0.35 ± 0.01 c 90.00 ± 6.43 a 10.82 ± 0.24 a 草地 7.33 ± 0.22 c 6.41 ± 0.17 b 3.08 ± 0.64 b 0.55 ± 0.02 ab 41.00 ± 0.99 d 4.90 ± 0.58 c -
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