黄河三角洲柽柳周边土壤钠吸附比分布特征及影响因素分析

马笑丹; 刘加珍; 陈永金; 王浩; 翟继元; 张亚茹; 付丽

doi:10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021092605

黄河三角洲柽柳周边土壤钠吸附比分布特征及影响因素分析

Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Sodium Adsorption Ration around Tamarix Chinensis in the Yellow River Delta

摘要

摘要:
目的黄河三角洲是极具特色的滨海盐生湿地，为探究该区域关键木本植物柽柳周围土壤钠吸附的特征及其影响因素。
方法运用同心圆布点采样和相关分析等方法，对黄河三角洲柽柳周边土壤盐分离子、钠吸附比的空间分布及离子相互关系进行了分析。
结果 Cl⁻和Na⁺是柽柳周边土壤盐分构成的主要离子。Na⁺、Cl⁻和Mg²⁺在距离柽柳较近的表层土壤中含量较少，其含量随土壤深度增加而上升，呈现底聚现象，在距离柽柳较远的土壤中呈现表聚现象。Ca²⁺、SO₄²⁻和K⁺的表聚现象不受距离柽柳远近的影响。相关分析表明，柽柳周边土壤钠吸附比与Cl⁻、Na⁺、K⁺和Mg²⁺离子关系密切，与Na⁺的相关性最强。在0 ~ 40 cm土层中，距离柽柳100 cm以内的钠吸附比远低于150 cm以外区域。钠吸附比的变异系数随土层加深而减小，深层土壤钠吸附比与盐离子的相关性均不显著。
结论柽柳对钠吸附比的影响在100 cm以内的0 ~ 40 cm土层中更为显著。土壤盐分与钠吸附比的空间分布受柽柳冠幅范围、植物根系吸收、凋落物堆积和降水淋溶等作用的影响。

Abstract:
Objective The Yellow River Delta is a coastal saline wetland. The aim was to explore the characteristics and change mechanism of sodium adsorption in the soil around the key woody plant Tamarix in this area.
Method the spatial distribution and ion relationship of salt ions and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in the soil around Tamarix in the Yellow River Delta were analyzed by means of concentric circle sampling and correlation analysis.
Result The Cl⁻ and Na⁺ were the main ions of soil salt composition around Tamarix. Na⁺, Cl⁻ and Mg²⁺ were less in the topsoil close to Tamarix. The salt contents increased with the soil depth, showing a bottom aggregation. While, the soil far from Tamarix showed surface aggregation. The surface aggregation of Ca²⁺, SO₄²⁻ and K⁺ was not affected by the distance from Tamarix. Correlation analysis showed that the soil SAR around Tamarix had a close relationship with Cl⁻, Na⁺, K⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions, and had the strongest correlation with Na⁺. In the 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer, the SAR value within 100 cm away from Tamarix was much lower than that outside 150 cm. The coefficient of variation of SAR decreased with the deepening of soil layer, and the correlation between SAR and salt ions in deep soil was not significant.
Conclusion The effect of Tamarix on SAR is more significant in 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer within 100 cm. The changes of soil salinity and SAR are affected by the crown range of Tamarix, plant root absorption, litter accumulation and precipitation leaching.

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