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不同有机物料强还原处理对植烟土壤微生物群落的影响

魏光钰 陈芳 胡勇 吴永琴 张清壮 李鑫

魏光钰, 陈 芳, 胡 勇, 吴永琴, 张清壮, 李 鑫. 不同有机物料强还原处理对植烟土壤微生物群落的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(5): 1056 − 1066 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021090701
引用本文: 魏光钰, 陈 芳, 胡 勇, 吴永琴, 张清壮, 李 鑫. 不同有机物料强还原处理对植烟土壤微生物群落的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(5): 1056 − 1066 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021090701
WEI Guang-yu, CHEN Fang, HU Yong, WU Yong-qin, ZHANG Qing-zhuang, LI Xin. Effect of Reducing Soil Disinfestation with Different Organic Materials on Microbial Community at Tobacco Planted Soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2022, 53(5): 1056 − 1066 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021090701
Citation: WEI Guang-yu, CHEN Fang, HU Yong, WU Yong-qin, ZHANG Qing-zhuang, LI Xin. Effect of Reducing Soil Disinfestation with Different Organic Materials on Microbial Community at Tobacco Planted Soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2022, 53(5): 1056 − 1066 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021090701

不同有机物料强还原处理对植烟土壤微生物群落的影响

doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021090701
基金项目: 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司科技项目(筑烟科〔2018〕4 号)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    魏光钰(1993−),男,贵州兴义市人,博士,助理农艺师,从事烤烟技术研究与推广。E-mail: 2979546706@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    E-mail: s2007203272@yeah.net

  • 中图分类号: Q93/S5

Effect of Reducing Soil Disinfestation with Different Organic Materials on Microbial Community at Tobacco Planted Soil

  • 摘要:   目的  本文探究了在厌氧强还原条件下,豆渣、甘蔗渣单施及其等比例混合物施用后,不同处理间土壤理化性质与微生物群落变化的相关关系。  方法  应用Tax4Fun及FUNGuild分别对细菌和真菌群落进行功能预测,采用Vegan和pheatmap等R语言软件包完成统计分析和绘图,利用生物信息学方法分析不同样本中微生物群落结构和多样性变化,确定微生物与RSD技术之间的相关性。  结果  结单一用蔗渣和豆渣的RSD处理都提高了真菌群落丰富度。在门的水平上,放线菌(Actinobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、酸菌门(Acidobacteria)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)的相对丰度发生变化,揭示了处理间群落结构存在显著差异。此外,RSD还有效降低了镰刀菌属(Fusarium)、链格孢属(Alternaria)等土传病原菌的丰度。斯皮尔曼相关性分析说明全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效钾、pH和有机质是造成群落结构差异的主要影响因子。功能注释结果显示RSD技术能提高土壤中细菌群落萜类和多酮类化合物代谢的功能活性及腐生真菌的丰度。  结论  单独施用豆渣的RSD处理可以通过促进土壤肥力的提升及土壤健康群落重构来缓解植烟土壤连作障碍,是一种优良的控制土传病害的技术手段。
  • 图  1  微生物群落多样性与丰富度指数(a:Shannon指数分析;b:Chao1指数分析)

    根据邓肯检验,同一列内后跟不同字母(平均值 ± SD,n = 8)表示显著差异(P < 0.05)

    Figure  1.  Microbial community diversity and richness index

    图  2  群落PCoA分析(a:细菌,b:真菌)

    Figure  2.  Principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) of microorganism community (a: bacteria, b: fungi)

    图  3  门水平群落丰度图(a:细菌,b:真菌)

    Figure  3.  Relative abundance of bacteria and fungi at the phylum levels (a: bacteria, b: fungi)

    图  4  Lefse多级物种差异判别分析(a:细菌,b:真菌)

    Figure  4.  LDA effect size (Lefse) multilevel discriminant analysis of species diversity (a: bacteria, b: fungi)

    图  5  不同处理下长期植烟土壤主要土传病原菌相对丰度。

    根据邓肯检验,同一列内后跟不同字母(平均值 ± SD,n = 8)表示显著差异(P < 0.05)

    Figure  5.  Relative abundance of main soil borne pathogens from long-term tobacco planted soil under different treatments

    图  6  环境因子与优势属间关联热图

    Figure  6.  Heat map of association between environmental factors and dominant genera (a: bacteria, b: fungi)

    图  7  微生物群落功能预测(a:细菌;b:真菌)

    Figure  7.  Prediction of microorganism community functions (a: bacteria, b: fung)

    表  1  不同处理对土壤理化性质的影响

    Table  1.   Effect of soil physical and chemical properties by different treatments

    处理
    Treatment
    pH总氮
    Total
    nitrogen
    (g kg−1)
    总磷
    Total
    phosphate
    (g kg−1)
    总钾
    Total
    potassium
    (g kg−1)
    碱解氮
    alkali-hydrolyzable
    nitrogen
    (mg kg−1)
    有效磷
    Available
    phosphate
    (mg kg−1)
    速效钾
    Available
    potassium
    (mg kg−1)
    有机质
    Organic
    matter
    (g kg−1)
    交换性镁
    Exchangeable
    magnesium
    (cmol kg−1)
    CK 5.47 ± 0.42 c 1.29 ± 0.04 d 1.21 ± 0.05 b 23.31 ± 0.35 a 73.00 ± 4.58 b 121.77 ± 5.33 d 424.67 ± 17.04 b 13.79 ± 2.06 b 9.23 ± 0.91 a
    HL 5.83 ± 0.12 c 1.39 ± 0.08 c 1.25 ± 0.02 b 23.04 ± 0.22 ab 69.67 ± 4.51 b 158.77 ± 3.35 c 459.00 ± 22.91 b 16.33 ± 1.81 b 8.03 ± 0.21 b
    MM 6.63 ± 0.15 ab 1.71 ± 0.03 b 1.38 ± 0.06 a 22.61 ± 0.52 ab 99.33 ± 2.08 a 169.97 ± 1.48 bc 888.67 ± 116.00 a 22.06 ± 1.38 a 6.90 ± 0.17 cd
    BD 6.83 ± 0.15 a 1.85 ± 0.07 a 1.42 ± 0.08 a 22.83 ± 0.27 ab 109.00 ± 14.42 a 246.50 ± 13.72 a 930.33 ± 82.40 a 22.24 ± 2.55 a 7.43 ± 0.42 bc
    SB 6.37 ± 0.15 b 1.80 ± 0.05 ab 1.36 ± 0.03 a 22.37 ± 0.76 b 95.67 ± 4.73 a 179.30 ± 8.71 b 791.33 ± 80.53 a 21.25 ± 1.28 a 6.17 ± 0.12 d
      注:同一列不同字母代表理化指标在处理间的显著差异(P < 0.05)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  置换多元方差分析结果

    Table  2.   Permutational multivariate analysis of variance results

    相关因子
    Relative factor
    细菌
    Bacteria
    真菌
    Fungi
    均方
    Mean square
    FR2PMean SqsFR2P
    总氮 0.1656 4.2928 0.2482 * 0.5408 6.6961 0.3400 **
    总磷 0.2266 6.6894 0.3397 ** 0.7086 10.4409 0.4454 **
    总钾 0.0479 1.0065 0.0719 0.403 0.0157 0.1294 0.0099 0.878
    碱解氮 0.2294 6.8144 0.3439 ** 0.4811 5.6362 0.3024 *
    有效磷 0.3029 10.8128 0.4541 ** 0.5148 6.2200 0.3236 **
    速效钾 0.2713 8.9133 0.4068 ** 0.8716 15.7530 0.5479 **
    pH 0.2275 6.7304 0.3411 ** 0.4563 5.2291 0.2869 *
    有机质 0.1796 4.7917 0.2693 * 0.4049 4.4385 0.2545 *
    交换性镁 0.0827 1.8410 0.1241 0.168 0.1540 1.3930 0.0968 0.226
      注:R2表示分组因素对样本差异的解释能力;R2越大,说明分组因子对样本差异的解释能力越强; ***分别表示样本差异显著水平。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-09-14
  • 录用日期:  2022-02-22
  • 修回日期:  2022-02-14
  • 刊出日期:  2022-09-30

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