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黄土高原新造耕地施用羧甲基纤维素钾的土壤效应

杨世琦 王永杰 颜鑫 邢磊 王惟帅 郭萍

杨世琦, 王永杰, 颜 鑫, 邢 磊, 王惟帅, 郭 萍. 黄土高原新造耕地施用羧甲基纤维素钾的土壤效应[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(4): 858 − 865 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021032302
引用本文: 杨世琦, 王永杰, 颜 鑫, 邢 磊, 王惟帅, 郭 萍. 黄土高原新造耕地施用羧甲基纤维素钾的土壤效应[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(4): 858 − 865 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021032302
YANG Shi-qi, WANG Yong-jie, YAN Xin, XING Lei, WANG Wei-shuai, GUO Ping. Effects of Application of Potassium Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Soil Water and Nutrients in Newly Cultivated Farmland[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2022, 53(4): 858 − 865 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021032302
Citation: YANG Shi-qi, WANG Yong-jie, YAN Xin, XING Lei, WANG Wei-shuai, GUO Ping. Effects of Application of Potassium Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Soil Water and Nutrients in Newly Cultivated Farmland[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2022, 53(4): 858 − 865 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021032302

黄土高原新造耕地施用羧甲基纤维素钾的土壤效应

doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021032302
基金项目: “十三五”重点研发课题(2017YFD0800504)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨世琦(1970−),男,陕西人,博士,研究员,从事农业面源污染研究。E-mail: shiqiyang@126.com

    通讯作者:

    E-mail: guoping@caas.cn

  • 中图分类号: S156.2

Effects of Application of Potassium Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Soil Water and Nutrients in Newly Cultivated Farmland

  • 摘要:   目的  基于黄土高原新造耕地土壤质量改良需求,开展以羧甲基纤维素钾(CMC-K)为土壤改良剂的田间定位试验研究,为新造耕地土壤水分保持与养分改良提供依据。  方法  设置CK(0 kg hm−2)、T1(100 kg hm−2)、T2(500 kg hm−2)、T3(1000 kg hm−2)和T4(2000 kg hm−2)5个处理,对不同处理的新造耕地土壤水分、电导率与养分进行了测定与分析。  结果  新造耕地施用CMC-K土壤含水量提高14.6%~121.7%,在谷子生长季前期(6月和7月)和后期(10月)土壤保水功效较大。在CMC-K较高施用量(1000 ~ 2000 kg hm−2)情况下,谷子生长季前期(6月)土壤电导率提高了37.3% ~ 73.4%;全部处理在谷子生长季后期(10月)的土壤电导率显著降低,降低幅度达19.2% ~ 21.8%;谷子生长季的土壤电导率呈现降低趋势。施用CMC-K能够提高土壤硝态氮9.6% ~ 46.5%、速效磷21.9% ~ 207.9%和速效钾13.2% ~ 95.9%,对土壤pH基本没有影响。施用CMC-K谷子产量提高了6.2% ~ 19.2%。  结论  施用CMC-K能够保持土壤水分,促进养分吸收利用,提高谷子产量,可以作为黄土高原新造耕地土壤改良剂使用,推荐施用量约100 kg hm−2
  • 图  1  施用CMC-K对农田土壤含水量的影响

    a、b和c表示同一时期不同处理间的显著差异性(P < 0.05)

    Figure  1.  Effect of application of CMC-K on soil water content

    图  2  施用CMC-K对农田土壤电导率的影响

    a、b和c表示同一时期不同处理间的显著差异性(P < 0.05)

    Figure  2.  Effect of application of CMC-K on soil electric conductivity

    图  3  施用CMC-K对谷子产量的影响

    Figure  3.  Effect of application of CMC-K on millet yield

    表  1  施用CMC-K对农田土壤氮磷钾养分的影响

    Table  1.   Effect of application of CMC-K on soil nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents

    处理
    Treatment
    全氮(g kg−1
    Total N
    全磷(g kg−1
    Total P
    全钾(g kg−1
    Total K
    硝态氮(mg kg−1
    Nitrate N
    速效磷(mg kg−1
    Available P
    速效钾(mg kg−1
    Available K
    pH
    2018 CK 0.57 ± 0.02 a 0.48 ± 0.02 b 15.78 ± 0.20 a 4.68 ± 0.44 a 0.38 ± 0.04 a 45.33 ± 2.52 a 8.38 ± 0.03 a
    T1
    0.54 ± 0.09 a 0.34 ± 0.09 a 17.32 ± 0.34 c 5.13 ± 0.35 b
    1.17 ± 0.13 c 57.00 ± 5.00 b 8.39 ± 0.04 a
    T2 0.52 ± 0.06 a 0.42 ± 0.06 b 17.01 ± 0.73 c 5.30 ± 0.12 b
    0.57 ± 0.12 b 51.33 ± 3.51 b 8.25 ± 0.12 a
    T3 0.61 ± 0.02 a 0.40 ± 0.02 b 17.40 ± 0.46 c 6.49 ± 0.27 c 0.62 ± 0.36 b 66.00 ± 3.61 c 8.38 ± 0.26 a
    T4 0.59 ± 0.02 a 0.44 ± 0.02 b 16.34 ± 0.34 b 6.85 ± 0.19 c 3.39 ± 0.24 d 74.33 ± 3.21 d 8.34 ± 0.04 a
    2019 CK 0.56 ± 0.02 a 0.45 ± 0.02 a 16.12 ± 0.20 a 4.46 ± 0.44 a 0.41 ± 0.04 a 47.14 ± 2.52 a 8.38 ± 0.03 a
    T1
    0.58 ± 0.06 a 0.45 ± 0.06 a 16.02 ± 0.68 a 5.09 ± 0.38 b 0.55 ± 0.10 b 57.67 ± 1.53 b 8.37 ± 0.04 a
    T2 0.57 ± 0.01 a 0.45 ± 0.01 a 16.58 ± 0.37 a 5.74 ± 0.08 c 0.64 ± 0.13 c 65.00 ± 4.00 c 8.32 ± 0.06 a
    T3 0.58 ± 0.05 a 0.44 ± 0.05 a 16.43 ± 0.17 a 6.00 ± 0.52 c 0.50 ± 0.02 b 87.00 ± 5.29 d 8.35 ± 0.03 a
    T4 0.60 ± 0.02 a 0.47 ± 0.02 a 16.87 ± 0.09 a 6.44 ± 0.76 c 0.68 ± 0.03 c 92.33 ± 8.50 e 8.33 ± 0.04 a
      注:同列不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  CMC-K用量与各土壤性质指标间相关性分析(Pearson相关系数)

    Table  2.   Correlation analysis between CMC-K and various indicators (Pearson correlations coefficient)

    CMC-K施用量
    CMC-K
    application rate
    土壤含水量
    Soil water
    content
    土壤电导率
    soil electric
    conductivity
    全氮
    Total
    nitrogen
    全磷
    Total
    phosphorus
    全钾
    Total
    potassium
    硝态氮
    Nitrogen
    有效磷
    Available
    phosphorus
    有效钾
    Available
    potassium
    产量
    Yield
    CMC-K施用量 1 0.5587* −0.3807 −0.0277 0.1772 0.2494 0.9159* 0.5776* 0.8341* 0.7180*
    土壤含水量 1 −0.3368 0.2698 −0.3144 0.6132* 0.8059* 0.2704 0.4792 0.8142*
    土壤电导率 1 0.3907 0.2959 −0.5030 −0.4091 −0.5390* −0.0085 −0.1453
    全氮 1 0.2327 0.0739 0.0555 −0.6686* 0.2834 0.1987
    全磷 1 −0.7473* −0.0280 −0.1476 0.1335 −0.2113
    全钾 1 0.4168 0.0145 0.2448 0.5123*
    硝态氮 1 0.5543* 0.8032* 0.8861*
    有效磷 1 0.2443 0.3046
    有效钾 1 0.8347*
    产量 1
      注:“*”表示0.05显著性水平。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-04-02
  • 修回日期:  2022-01-11
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-02-12
  • 刊出日期:  2022-06-17

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