Synergistic Effects of Mushroom Production Residue Fumigation Combined with Microbial Inoculants on Improving Soil Quality under Protected Cultivation

Objective This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of mushroom production residue fumigation combined with microbial inoculants on improving facility soil quality and tomato fruit quality.

Method Four treatments were established: blank fumigation control (CK), blank fumigation combined with Trichodermacomplex inoculant (T1), 500 g m⁻² mushroom production residue fumigation (T2), and 500 g m⁻² mushroom production residue fumigation combined with Trichodermacomplex inoculant (T3). Soil physicochemical properties, microbial community structure and tomato fruit quality parameters were analyzed across treatments.

Result The combined application of mushroom production residue fumigation and microbial inoculant (T3) significantly reduced soil bulk density by 10.53%, increased total porosity by 9.5%, and enhanced hydrolytic nitrogen, available phosphorus and soil organic matter by 2.08%, 8.72% and 4.51%, respectively. The relative abundances of beneficial bacterial phyla, including Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota and Nitrososphaerota, were markedly increased. These improvements promoted plant nutrient uptake, resulting in a 34.84% increase in single fruit weight and a 34.73% rise in soluble sugar content. Additionally, mushroom production residue fumigation alone (T2) significantly reduced organic acid content by 40%.

Conclusion The integration of mushroom production residue fumigation and microbial inoculants provides a cost-effective strategy to enhance facility soil quality, increase tomato yield, and improve fruit quality.