Research Progress of Soil Remediation Contaminated by Benzoapyrene

Benzopyrene (Bap) is a kind of widely distributed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds composed of five benzene rings, which attracts much attention. It has strong carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects. Bap is also the main pollutant monitoring object in the environment. Bap accumulates in soil for a long time and thus threaten the human health through the accumulation and amplification effects of food chain. Efficient remediation of Bap-contaminated soil is a matter of great urgency. In this study, the production, current situation of pollution, toxicology, and the advantages/disadvantages of remediation techniques of Bap were reviewed. The physical and chemical methods have the advantages of short operation cycle, wide application range. The cost is relatively high along with the secondary pollution production. On the contrary, bioremediation has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, and environmental green. But bioremediation usually needs a relatively long cycle of restoration, and the efficiency is affected by multiple factors. Therefore, the cost and efficiency should be considered comprehensively in the practical process. In the future, it should be paid attention to the microbial remediation technology and the combined application of relative techniques. This study will provide a scientific thought for the green treatment and remediation of contaminated soil with such persistent organic pollutants as Bap.