Experimental Study on Suitable Fertilization Amount of Wheat on Calcareous Purplish Soils

  Objective  Wheat is one of three major food crops (wheat, rice, and corn) in the world. At present, the influence of fertilization on wheat is mainly concentrated in central and northern China, but the impact of fertilization and suitable fertilizer rate of wheat on calcareous purple soil are still unclear.

  Method  Different fertilization treatments, including farmer’s preference (FP), local government of science and technology (ST), nutritional experts system (NE), and NE + Zinc fertilizer (NE + Zn), were applied to study the effects of fertilization on wheat at Qingfeng village of Yanting county of Sichuan Province in the period of October of 2018 to May of 2020.

  Result  Different fertilization treatments had significant effects on the biomass and yield of wheat on calcareous purple soil, but had no significant effect on its thousand grain weight. NE + Zn treatment had the highest yield (about 20% higher than that of FP), indicating that application of zinc fertilizer has a significant increase in wheat production. Nitrogen fertilization rates had no significant impact on wheat yield, but no phosphorus fertilization resulted in about 30% decrease of yield compared to that of NE + Zn treatment. The recommended N application rate of wheat on lime purple soil is N 93 kg hm^-2.

  Conclusion  Phosphorus and zinc fertilizer have significant yield increase efficiency to wheat on calcareous purple soil. Therefore, the application and management of phosphorus and zinc fertilizer of calcareous purple soil should be strengthened.