李　超, 赵　洋, 杨翠翠, 张　超, 郧文聚, 张凤荣, 程　锋. 基于耕地资源质量分类成果的东北地区耕地土壤条件空间分布特征[J]. 土壤通报, 2024, 55(3): 601 − 609. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023072801
引用本文: 李　超, 赵　洋, 杨翠翠, 张　超, 郧文聚, 张凤荣, 程　锋. 基于耕地资源质量分类成果的东北地区耕地土壤条件空间分布特征[J]. 土壤通报, 2024, 55(3): 601 − 609. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023072801
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LI Chao, ZHAO Yang, YANG Cui-cui, ZHANG Chao, YUN Wen-ju, ZHANG Feng-rong, CHENG Feng. Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Cultivated Land Soil Conditions in Northeast China Based on Cultivated Land Resource Quality Classification[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2024, 55(3): 601 − 609. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023072801
Citation: LI Chao, ZHAO Yang, YANG Cui-cui, ZHANG Chao, YUN Wen-ju, ZHANG Feng-rong, CHENG Feng. Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Cultivated Land Soil Conditions in Northeast China Based on Cultivated Land Resource Quality Classification[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2024, 55(3): 601 − 609. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023072801
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基于耕地资源质量分类成果的东北地区耕地土壤条件空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Cultivated Land Soil Conditions in Northeast China Based on Cultivated Land Resource Quality Classification

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 耕地土壤条件是耕地质量状况的重要体现，准确掌握其空间分布特征是实现耕地质量提升与保护的基础。
    方法 基于第三次全国国土调查耕地资源质量分类成果中的土层厚度、土壤质地、土壤有机质含量和土壤pH值4项耕地土壤条件数据，采用空间自相关分析、热点分析、地理探测器和土壤条件综合指数4种方法，对东北地区耕地土壤条件空间分布特征进行分析，以期为东北黑土地利用与保护提供支撑参考。
    结果 东北地区土层厚度大于60 cm的耕地占东北地区耕地总面积的53.72%，土壤质地主要为壤质，有机质含量高，且以弱酸性为主，强酸性和强碱性占比较少。东北地区土壤条件呈现中部热点集中分布、冷点在四周零星分布的空间格局。在众多影响因素中，温度、降雨等对土壤条件空间分异的影响更大。东北地区耕地土壤条件指数介于44.02 ~ 78.66之间，优、良等耕地占比高达98.07%。
    结论 东北地区耕地土壤质量较高，但不同区域耕地土壤条件空间分异特征明显，耕地质量提升与保护应充分考虑土壤条件的空间异质性，因地制宜地采取合理措施。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The soil condition of cultivated land is an important reflection of the quality of cultivated land. Accurately grasping its spatial distribution characteristics is the basis for improving and protecting cultivated land quality.
    Method In this paper, according to the cultivated land soil condition data in the classification results of cultivated land resource quality in the 3rd National Land Survey, four methods including spatial autocorrelation analysis, hot spot analysis, geographic detector and soil condition comprehensive index were selected to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of cultivated land soil conditions in Northeast China. The purpose of the analysis was to provide a supporting reference for the use and protection of black land in Northeast China.
    Result ①The cultivated land with a soil layer thickness greater than 60 cm in Northeast China accounted for 53.72% of the total cultivated land area in Northeast China. The soil was mainly loamy soil with high organic matter content, and mainly weakly acidic soil, with a small proportion of strongly acidic and strongly alkaline soil. ②The soil conditions in Northeast China presented a spatial pattern in which hot spots were concentrated in the middle and cold spots were scattered around. Among many influencing factors, soil type, air temperature, rainfall, etc. had a greater impact on soil conditions. ③The soil condition indices of cultivated land in Northeast China were between 44.02 and 78.66, and the excellent and good cultivated land accounted for 98.07% of the total cultivated land area.
    Conclusion The overall quality of soil conditions in Northeast China was relatively high, but the spatial heterogeneity of soil conditions in different regions was obvious. Therefore, it was necessary to fully consider the spatial heterogeneity of soil conditions in the improvement and protection of cultivated land and take reasonable measures according to local conditions.

     

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