谢梦婵, 丁 娜, 赵 鹏, 张 堃, 葛世强, 侯秀丽, 张子怡, 刘春奎, 秦世玉. 不同硼肥施用对冬小麦籽粒重金属积累的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2024, 55(4): 1128 − 1136. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023012903
引用本文: 谢梦婵, 丁 娜, 赵 鹏, 张 堃, 葛世强, 侯秀丽, 张子怡, 刘春奎, 秦世玉. 不同硼肥施用对冬小麦籽粒重金属积累的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2024, 55(4): 1128 − 1136. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023012903
XIE Meng-chan, DING Na, ZHAO Peng, ZHANG Kun, GE Shi-qiang, HOU Xiu-li, ZHANG Zi-yi, LIU Chun-kui, QIN Shi-yu. Effects of Different Application Treatments of Boron on Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Winter Wheat Grains[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2024, 55(4): 1128 − 1136. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023012903
Citation: XIE Meng-chan, DING Na, ZHAO Peng, ZHANG Kun, GE Shi-qiang, HOU Xiu-li, ZHANG Zi-yi, LIU Chun-kui, QIN Shi-yu. Effects of Different Application Treatments of Boron on Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Winter Wheat Grains[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2024, 55(4): 1128 − 1136. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023012903

不同硼肥施用对冬小麦籽粒重金属积累的影响

Effects of Different Application Treatments of Boron on Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Winter Wheat Grains

  • 摘要:
    目的 硼(B)肥可以减轻重金属对农作物的毒害,但大田条件下不同硼肥施用对缓解冬小麦吸收镉的效果并不明确。本文通过田间试验,研究镉毒害条件下,不同硼肥施用处理对冬小麦生长发育的影响,以期为硼肥的合理施用和缓解冬小麦籽粒镉毒害提供理论依据。
    方法 大田试验选用百农207(BN)小麦品种,设置不施硼肥(CK)、基施硼肥(TS)、叶面喷施0.3%浓度硼肥(F0.3%)和叶面喷施0.6%浓度硼肥(F0.6%)四种处理,测定分析不同处理的冬小麦成熟期籽粒产量和镉、硼等其他元素含量。
    结果 相对于CK处理,TS、F0.3%和F0.6%处理均增加了小麦产量,分别增产了662 kg hm−2、588 kg hm−2和329 kg hm−2。不同硼肥施用处理均提高了小麦籽粒硼含量。TS和F0.6%处理显著降低了冬小麦籽粒中的镉含量,降低幅度分别为47.9%和29.9%。与CK处理相比,TS、F0.3%和F0.6%处理显著降低了籽粒钾、钙和铁含量,增加了冬小麦籽粒中铜、锌的含量,对籽粒锰含量影响不大。同时,施用硼肥显著降低了冬小麦籽粒中镍、砷、铅的含量。
    结论 基施硼肥及叶面喷施高浓度硼肥可以提高冬小麦产量,同时可以显著降低冬小麦籽粒对镉的积累。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective Boron (B) can reduce the toxicity of heavy metals to crops. However, it is not clear the effects of different B fertilizer applications on alleviating cadmium (Cd) uptake by winter wheat under field conditions. The effects of different B fertilizer application treatments on the growth and development of winter wheat were investigated under Cd toxicity with field expriment, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of B fertilizer to alleviate the Cd toxicity in winter wheat grains.
    Method A conventional wheat variety (Bainong 207) was selected in the field experiment. Four treatments were set as (1) no B added (CK), (2) basal B added (TS), (3) foliar spraying B treatment with 0.3% concentration (F0.3%), (4) foliar spraying B treatment with 0.6% concentration (F0.6%). The grain yield, 1000-grain weight, grain number per ear, ear number per acre, Cd, B, mineral elements and other heavy metals content (Ni, As, Pb, Se, Sn and Sb) of winter wheat at the maturity stage were analyzed under different treatments.
    Result The results showed that the yield of winter wheat under TS, F0.3% and F0.6% treatments increased 662 kg hm−2, 588 kg hm−2 and 329 kg hm−2 compared with CK treatment, respectively. The concentration of B in grains were all increased under B treatment. The TS treatment and F0.6% treatment significantly decreased the concentration of Cd in grains of winter wheat by 47.9% and 29.9%, respectively. Compared with CK treatment, the TS, F0.3% and F0.6% treatments significantly decreased the concentrations of K, Ca and Fe in grains, while increased the concentrations of Cu and Zn in grains. Meanwhile, the concentrations of Ni, As and Pb in winter wheat grains were significantly decreased by B fertilizer application.
    Conclusion The yield of winter wheat could be incrased by both TS treatment and F0.6% treatment, and the accumulation of Cd could be significantly reduced in grains.

     

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