Objective The paper aimed to analyze the characteristics of spatial and temporal changes of Black Soil resources occupied by urban expansion in Northeast China and its influencing factors, and to provide countermeasure suggestions for the protection of Black Soil resources.

Method The rate and intensity indicators of urban expansion occupying Black Soil resources were constructed, and spatial autocorrelation and geographic probe methods were applied to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics and influencing factors of urban expansion occupying Black Soil resources in Northeast China from 1986 - 2018.

Result ①The total area of Black Soil resources occupied by urban expansion in Northeast China from 1986 to 2018 was 4953.47 km². The total area occupied by Black Soil resources from 2009 to 2018 was 1584.75 km², and the annual average of 1986 - 2009 expansion rate increased by 29.62 km² a^-1. ② The average annual intensity value of urban expansion occupying Black Soil resources in Northeast China from 2009 to 2018 was 0.58, which increased by 0.04 compared with 1986 – 2009. ④ The rate and intensity of urban expansion occupying Black Soil resources in Northeast China were spatially. ④ The more developed the economy, the higher the population density, and the closer the roads. The greater the rate of occupation of Black Soil resources by urban expansion, and the Black Soil resources in the low-altitude gentle slopes around prefecture-level cities were more easily occupied.

Conclusion The rate of occupation of Black Soil resources by urban expansion in Northeast China continues to increase and shows polarization, and more than half of the new construction land in Northeast China come from Black Soil resources, and the proportion is expanding, among which socio-economic, accessibility, and natural conditions are the main influencing factors for the occupation of Black Soil resources by urban expansion in Northeast China.