Abstract: Farmland management measures can significantly alter the structure and diversity of soil animal communities, thereby affecting the performance of ecosystem services, ultimately, soil health and soil security. Here, the effects of four types of management measures, including fertilization, cropping system, tillage practices and pesticide spraying, on soil animal community composition and its diversity were investigated in detail through reports on the effects of farmland management measures on soil animals in the past 20 years. Based on the current studies, we suggest future directions to focus on the studies of farmland management measures how to affect soil animal diversity, and it is emphasized that the understanding of the impact of farmland management measures on soil animal diversity should be strengthened at the species level in the future. In addition, we should pay attention to the research on the structure and function of soil food webs under farmland management measures, and continuously improve the farmland soil health evaluation indicators based on soil animal communities, which will provide theoretical references for the maintenance of agricultural soil health.