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辽宁省耕地利用可持续集约化水平及其影响因素

刘源 吕晓 彭文龙

刘 源, 吕 晓, 彭文龙. 辽宁省耕地利用可持续集约化水平及其影响因素[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(5): 1009 − 1018 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2022031103
引用本文: 刘 源, 吕 晓, 彭文龙. 辽宁省耕地利用可持续集约化水平及其影响因素[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(5): 1009 − 1018 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2022031103
LIU Yuan, LÜ Xiao, PENG Wen-long. Sustainable Intensive Level of Cultivated Land Use and Influential Factors in Liaoning Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2022, 53(5): 1009 − 1018 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2022031103
Citation: LIU Yuan, LÜ Xiao, PENG Wen-long. Sustainable Intensive Level of Cultivated Land Use and Influential Factors in Liaoning Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2022, 53(5): 1009 − 1018 doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2022031103

辽宁省耕地利用可持续集约化水平及其影响因素

doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2022031103
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(42071226)、辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”青年拔尖人才项目(XLYC1807060)、辽宁省经济社会发展研究课题(2022lslybkt-026)和中央高校基本科研业务费项目(N2114006)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘源:刘 源(1999−),女,汉族,河南伊川人,硕士研究生,主要研究土地经济与政策。E-mail: 2100042@stu.neu.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    E-mail: lvxiao@mail.neu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: F321.1

Sustainable Intensive Level of Cultivated Land Use and Influential Factors in Liaoning Province

  • 摘要:   目的  耕地利用可持续集约化是缓解粮食安全问题、减轻环境压力的可行模式,为明晰粮食主产区辽宁省耕地利用的可持续集约化现状和潜力,开展水平测度及影响因素的探究。  方法  创新性地采用超效率SBM模型测度2000 ~ 2019年辽宁省耕地利用可持续集约度,并运用Tobit模型探究影响因子。  结果  ① 2000 ~ 2019年,耕地利用的可持续集约度波动特征明显,整体略有增加,耕地单产和灌溉废水量对可持续集约度的影响较大。② 规模效率相较于纯技术效率对可持续集约度的影响更显著,规模效益也一直处于递增状态,增加人力、物力等要素投入会在较长时间内对可持续集约度有显著地提升作用。③ 农村劳动力高中及以上文化水平、种植结构以及农业收入占农村常住居民人均可支配收入比例对耕地利用的可持续集约度有显著正向影响,耕地受灾率有显著负向影响。  结论  科学提升耕地单位产量、有效管控灌溉用水量对于辽宁省耕地利用可持续集约化水平的提升有明显作用,增加化肥、农药、地膜等物质投入的有效利用率、建立农业应急防护体系是助推可持续集约化的有效途径。
  • 图  1  耕地利用可持续集约化理论分析框架图

    Figure  1.  Theoretical analysis framework of sustainable intensification of cultivated land use

    图  2  耕地利用可持续集约度与期望产出变化特征

    Figure  2.  Characteristics of the degree of sustainable intensification of cultivated land use and expected output

    图  3  耕地利用可持续集约度与非期望产出变化特征

    Figure  3.  Characteristics of the degree of sustainable intensification of cultivated land use and unexpected output

    表  1  耕地利用可持续集约度评估指标

    Table  1.   Evaluation index of the degree of sustainable intensification of cultivated land use

    指标类型
    Index type
    指标
    Index
    释义及单位
    Interpretation and unit
    物质投入 土地投入 耕地面积(hm2
    能源投入 农业机械总动力(kw)
    劳动力投入 农业从业人员(万人)
    水资源投入 耕地有效灌溉面积(hm2
    化肥投入 化肥施用量(104 t)
    农药投入 农药使用量(104 t)
    薄膜投入 塑料薄膜使用量(t)
    柴油投入 农用柴油使用量(104 t)
    期望产出 农业产值 农业产值(亿元)
    耕地单产 耕地作物单位面积产量(t hm−2
    非期望产出 气体废物 碳排放量(t)
    固体废物 农业污染物排放量(t)
    废水 灌溉废水量(t)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  各产出要素的碳排放系数

    Table  2.   Carbon emission coefficient of each output factor

    要素
    Factor
    碳排放系数
    Carbon emission coefficient
    单位
    Unit
    煤炭 0.539 kg kg−1
    焦炭 0.830 kg kg−1
    原油 0.836 kg kg−1
    汽油 0.814 kg kg−1
    煤油 0.844 kg kg−1
    柴油 0.862 kg kg−1
    燃料油 0.828 kg kg−1
    天然气 0.596 kg (m3)−1
    电力 0.097 kg kwh−1
    化肥 0.896 kg kg−1
    农药 4.934 kg kg−1
    农膜 5.180 kg kg−1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  耕地可持续集约度分解情况

    Table  3.   Decomposition of the degree of sustainable intensification of cultivated land use

    年份
    Year
    综合效率
    Technical
    efficiency score
    纯技术效率
    Pure technical
    efficiency score
    规模效率
    Scale
    effect score
    规模收益
    Returns
    to scale
    2000 0.576 1.092 0.528 增加
    2001 1.005 1.024 0.981 增加
    2002 1.000 1.025 0.976 增加
    2003 0.839 1.029 0.815 增加
    2004 1.021 1.032 0.989 增加
    2005 1.002 1.003 0.999 增加
    2006 1.001 1.005 0.996 增加
    2007 1.014 1.018 0.996 增加
    2008 0.718 1.006 0.714 增加
    2009 0.591 0.789 0.749 增加
    2010 0.727 0.835 0.870 增加
    2011 0.746 0.862 0.866 增加
    2012 1.004 1.012 0.993 增加
    2013 1.011 1.011 1.000 增加
    2014 0.671 1.001 0.671 增加
    2015 1.018 1.034 0.984 增加
    2016 1.008 1.022 0.986 增加
    2017 0.919 1.000 0.919 增加
    2018 0.863 1.006 0.858 增加
    2019 1.059 1.068 0.992 增加
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  耕地利用可持续集约度影响因素Tobit回归结果

    Table  4.   Tobit regression results of influencing factors of the degree of sustainable intensification of cultivated land use

    影响因素
    Indicator
    相关系数
    Correlation coefficient
    标准误
    Standard error
    显著性
    Significance
    耕地受灾率 −1.203 0.265 0.000
    农村劳动力高中及以上文化水平比例 0.077 0.021 0.000
    机械化程度 −0.006 0.008 0.486
    政府农林水支出 0.001 0.001 0.278
    年均降雨量 0.000 0.000 0.673
    种植结构 0.461 0.118 0.000
    农村劳动力转移量 −0.002 0.003 0.473
    农村居民消费价格指数 −0.007 0.009 0.445
    农业收入占农村常住居民人均可支配收入比例 0.083 0.030 0.006
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-03-11
  • 录用日期:  2022-04-14
  • 修回日期:  2022-04-10
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-01-05
  • 刊出日期:  2022-10-06

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