Effects of Different Soil Modified Materials on Phosphorus Adsorption, Desorption and Forms in Soda Alkaline Soil
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摘要:
目的 通过研究不同改土物料对苏打碱土中磷(P)素的吸附、解吸及P素形态的影响,为科学改良苏打碱土提供理论依据。 方法 以东北松嫩平原苏打碱土为研究对象,设置不添加改土物料(CK)和添加有机肥(M)、硫酸铝(Al)、石膏(Ca)、硫酸铝 + 有机肥(Al + M)、石膏 + 有机肥(Ca + M)六个处理,研究了不同改土物料对土壤P素的吸附解吸和P素形态的影响。 结果 有机肥处理会降低苏打碱土对P素的吸附,增加对P素的解吸,其它四个处理均会增加土壤对P素的吸附,降低对P素的解吸,其中以Al和Al + M处理差异较大。不同改土物料处理土壤无机P含量均有不同程度增加,其中M、Ca和Ca + M处理均显著提高了土壤中Ca2-P含量(P < 0.05),以Ca + M处理增幅最大,达到21.43%;不同改土物料处理均可增加缓效态P(Ca8-P、Al-P和Fe-P)含量,增幅为1.00%-112.03%,其中Ca、Al、Ca + M和Al + M处理均可显著提高Al-P和Ca8-P含量,增幅为66.37% ~ 250.1%和18.06% ~ 74.36%。与Ca处理相比,Ca + M处理显著增加了Ca2-P含量(P < 0.05),显著降低了Al-P和O-P含量(P < 0.05)。 结论 在苏打碱土中石膏和有机肥配施可减少土壤对P素的吸附,增加土壤有效态P含量,是提高苏打碱土P素有效性的最佳措施。 Abstract:Objective The effects of different soil modified materials on the adsorption, desorption and forms of phosphorus (P) in soda alkaline soil were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific improvement of soda alkaline soil. Methods Taking soda alkaline soil in Songnen Plain of Northeast China as the research object, six treatments were arranged, including control (CK), organic fertilizer (M), aluminum sulfate (Al), gypsum (Ca), aluminum sulfate + organic fertilizer (Al + M) and gypsum + organic fertilizer (Ca + M). Results M treatment could reduce the P adsorption and increase the P desorption of soda alkaline soil, but the other four treatments could increase the P adsorption and reduce the P desorption. Among them, there was a significant difference between Al and Al + M treatment. The contents of soil inorganic P in different soil modified materials increased in varying degrees. Among them, M, Ca and Ca + M treatments significantly increased the contents of soil Ca2-P (P < 0.05), and the largest was in Ca + M treatment (21.43%). The additions of different soil modified materials could increase the contents of slow acting P (Ca8-P, Al-P and Fe-P), with the increase of 1.00% - 112.03%. Among them, the treatments of Ca, Al, Ca + M and Al + M could significantly increase the contents of Al-P and Ca8-P, with the increases of 66.37% - 250.1% and 18.06% - 74.36%. Compared with Ca treatment, Ca + M treatment significantly increased the content of Ca2-P (P < 0.05) and significantly decreased the contents of Al-P and O-P (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combined application of gypsum and organic fertilizer in soda alkaline soil can reduce the adsorption of gypsum on phosphorus in soil and increase the content of available phosphorus in soil. It is the best measure to improve the availability of phosphorus in soda alkaline soil. -
表 1 土壤理化性状
Table 1. Physical and chemical properties of soil
有机质
Organic matter
(g kg-1)全氮
Total N
(g kg-1)速效P
Available P
(mg kg-1)速效钾
Available K
(mg kg-1)碱解氮
Available N
(mg kg-1)pH 机械组成 (%)
Mechanical composition< 0.002 mm 0.002 ~ 0.02 mm 0.02 ~ 2 mm 22.31 0.69 7.78 237.18 73.96 9.03 17.52 49.82 32.65 表 2 试验处理
Table 2. Experimental treatment
处理
Treatment有机肥用量(g kg−1)
Amount of organic fertilizer石膏用量(g kg−1)
Gypsum dosage硫酸铝用量(g kg−1)
Aluminum sulfate dosageCK 0 0 0 M 10 0 0 Ca 0 10 0 Ca + M 10 10 0 Al 0 0 10 Al + M 10 0 10 注:M:腐熟牛粪;Ca:硫酸钙;Al:硫酸铝。 表 3 不同处理下苏打碱土P吸附方程与相关参数
Table 3. Phosphorus adsorption equation and related parameters of soda-alkaline soil under different treatments
处理
TreatmentLangmuir方程
Langmuir equationr 最大吸P量(mg kg−1)
Maximal P adsorption (Qm)平衡常数
Equilibrium constant (K)吸附反应自由能(kJ mol−1)
Adsorption reaction free energy (ΔG)CK C/Q = 0.0038 C + 0.009 0.997** 263.16 e 0.42 b −23.47 b M C/Q = 0.0044 C + 0.0116 0.994** 227.27 f 0.38 b −23.20 b Ca C/Q= 0.003 C + 0.0081 0.995** 344.83 c 0.36 b −23.06 b Ca + M C/Q= 0.0033 C + 0.0088 0.993** 312.5 d 0.36 b −23.10 b Al C/Q = 0.0012 C + 0.001 0.984** 833.33 b 1.20 a −26.05 a Al + M C/Q = 0.0011 C + 0.0026 0.950** 909.09 a 0.42 b −23.47 b 注:同列不同小写字母表示在0.05水平差异显著。*和**分别表示 5%和 1%显著水平。 表 4 不同P素浓度下土壤对P素的解吸率(%)
Table 4. Phosphorus desorption rate of soil under different phosphorus concentrations
处理
Treatment加入P素浓度 (mg L−1)
Exogenous phosphorus concentration20 40 60 80 100 平均
AverageCK 3.41 bc 5.7 a 7.11 b 9.37 b 12.67 b 7.65 b M 4.74 a 5.59 a 8.85 a 11.44 a 14.16 a 8.95 a Ca 1.56 e 3.89 bc 6.06 c 8.71 b 12.07 b 6.46 c Ca + M 2.58 d 4.32 b 5.84 c 8.34 b 13.4 ab 6.9 c Al 3.87 b 3.38 cd 3.18 d 3.85 c 4.64 c 3.78 d Al + M 3.24 c 3.05 d 3.32 d 3.91 c 4.98 c 3.70 d 注:同列不同小写字母表示在0.05水平差异显著。 -
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