Objective This study aimed to explore the influence and driving mechanisms of the landscape pattern of cultivated land on the cultivated land use ecological efficiency, in order to provide technical support for optimizing the spatial layout of cultivated land.

Method Based on the panel data from 2010 to 2020, this study integrated models such as super-efficiency SBM-Undesirable model, multi-scale geographically and temporally weighted regression and optimal parameter geographical detector, and then deeply analyzed the influence of cultivated land landscape pattern on the cultivated land use ecological efficiency from the both the overall and local levels in Guizhou Province.

Result During the research period, the cultivated land use ecological efficiency in Guizhou Province had not reached a reasonable level on the whole, insufficient grain output and redundant pesticide input were the main reasons for the relatively low cultivated land use ecological efficiency. The improvement of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency contributed to the increase in cultivated land use ecological efficiency, among which the impact of pure technical efficiency was more significant. Landscape pattern indices mainly influenced cultivated land use ecological efficiency by scale efficiency, this was a significant temporal and spatial heterogeneity in the impact of each index on scale efficiency. Increasing the proportion and quality of paddy fields, reducing the proportion of irrigated land and dry land, promoting the concentration and integration of scattered cultivated land and regularizing the shape of large areas of farmland were conducive to the improvement of scale efficiency. The driving detection results showed that the spatial differentiation of the scale efficiency was the comprehensive result of the enhanced effect produced by the interaction of two factors. Landscape shape index and proportion of irrigated land as the main driving factors, interacted with other independent factors was the main force influencing the spatial differentiation of the scale efficiency.

Conclusion Guizhou's agricultural production should attach importance to the improvement of grain yield and the transformation of green production modes. Meanwhile, it is necessary to carry out the optimization of cultivated land layout in accordance with local conditions and implement classified policies, to clarify the specific objectives and directions of cultivated land layout optimization at both provincial and county levels, to provide scientific support for promoting the efficient utilization of cultivated land.