不同绿肥作物翻压后对辣椒镉吸收及土壤性状的影响

Effects of Different Green Manure Crops Incorporated into Soil on Pepper Cd Uptake and Soil Properties

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 研究种植不同绿肥作物并翻压后，对后茬辣椒吸收镉（Cd）的状况，以及对种植土壤Cd有效性、pH等指标的影响；目的是筛选较适宜的绿肥作物，为旱地Cd污染土壤安全利用提供新思路。
    方法 采用盆栽试验，设冬闲、种植肥田萝卜、油菜、黑麦草、光叶苕子、箭筈豌豆、香豆子、艾菊叶法色草共8个处理，4次重复。于种植前取土壤样品测定pH、有机质、全氮、水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效Cd和全Cd含量；绿肥收获后测定生物量及氮、磷、钾含量；绿肥原位补充，后茬作物种植辣椒，辣椒收获后测定辣椒的Cd含量和各个处理土壤pH、有机质、全氮、水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效Cd和全Cd含量。
    结果 与冬闲相比，种植翻压绿肥后，土壤有机质提高0.37% ~ 9.07%、全氮含量提高2.75% ~ 11.00%、水解氮含量提高2.84% ~ 10.13%、速效钾含量提高0.85% ~ 8.78%，土壤全Cd下降2.44% ~ 9.71%；土壤有效Cd下降2.70% ~ 20.94%；除油菜处理的辣椒Cd含量、富集系数分别升高了1.55%和21.99%外，其余绿肥处理辣椒Cd含量均下降，降幅为4.51% ~ 42.25%，富集系数下降2.48% ~ 26.95%。其中光叶苕子处理在降低Cd含量及改善土壤养分方面均表现较好：辣椒果实Cd含量为0.086 mg kg−1，比冬闲处理降低42.25%，低于国家标准（NY/T 901—2021）（调味品安全标准 镉 ≤ 0.10 mg kg−1），达到辣椒安全食用标准；土壤全Cd含量下降5.39%，有效Cd含量下降20.94%；土壤pH提高0.17个单位，土壤有机质、全氮、水解性氮、有效磷分别提高7.59%、8.59%、9.72%和2.83%。
    结论 光叶苕子是修复土壤Cd污染、实现辣椒安全生产最有效的绿肥品种。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  This study aimed to investigate the effects of cultivating and incorporating different green manure crops on cadmium (Cd) uptake by subsequent pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) , as well as on soil Cd availability, pH, and other indicators. The goal was to screen the suitable green manure crops, providing new insights for the safe utilization of Cd-contaminated dryland soils.
    Methods A pot experiment was conducted with eight treatments: fallow (control), Raphanus sativus L. (oil radish), Brassica napus L. (rape), Lolium perenne L. (ryegrass), Vicia villosa var. glabrescens (hairy vetch), Vicia sativa L. (common vetch), Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek), and Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. (lacy phacelia), with four replicates each. Baseline soil samples were collected before planting to determine pH, organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), available Cd (ACd), and total Cd (TCd) in soil. After green manure harvest, biomass was measured, and plant nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents were analyzed. Green manures were incorporated in situ, followed by pepper cultivation. Post-harvest, the Cd contents in pepper were measured, and soil samples were analyzed for pH, OM, TN, HN, AP, AK, ACd and TCd.
    Results Compared with fallow land, the incorporation of green manure resulted in significant improvements in soil fertility parameters: The SOM increased by 0.37% - 9.07%, TN contents rose by 2.75% - 11.00%, AN contents elevated by 2.84% - 10.13%, and AP contents improved by 0.85% - 8.78%. Concurrently, soil total Cd contents decreased by 2.44% - 9.71%, while available Cd showed reductions of 2.70% - 20.94%. Except for rapeseed-treated plots where chili pepper Cd content and bioaccumulation coefficient increased by 1.55% and 21.99% respectively, all other green manure treatments exhibited Cd content reductions ranging from 4.51% to 42.25%, with bioaccumulation coefficients decreased by 2.48% - 26.95%. Among these, Vigna radiata var. sublobata demonstrated optimal performance in Cd remediation and soil nutrient enhancement. Chili pepper fruits Cd content was 0.086 mg kg−1 (42.25% reduction vs. fallow), meeting the safety threshold of NY/T 901-2021 (≤ 0.10 mg kg−1), Soil total Cd decreased by 5.39%, available Cd by 20.94%, Soil pH increased by 0.17 units, SOM, total N, AN and AP improved by 7.59%, 8.59%, 9.72% and 2.83% respectively.
    Conclusion Vigna radiata var. sublobata proves to be the most effective green manure species for Cd-contaminated soil remediation while ensuring safe chili pepper production.

     

    • HTML全文
    • 参考文献(34)
    • 相关文章
    • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)

/

返回文章
返回