太白贝母根际溶磷真菌的筛选及溶磷效果研究

Screening and Related Characteristics of Rhizosphere Phosphorus-soluble Fungi in Fritillaria taibaiensis

  • 摘要:
    目的 从不同产地太白贝母根际土壤中筛选高效溶磷真菌菌株,为太白贝母栽培过程中菌肥的研发提供菌种资源。
    方法 采用溶磷圈法对溶磷菌株进行初筛,钼锑抗比色法复筛挑选高效溶磷真菌菌株,通过菌落形态和ITS扩增序列进行鉴定,对挑选出的菌株进行不同磷源液体培养基下的溶磷能力研究。
    结果 从太白贝母根际土壤样品中共分离得到29株溶磷真菌,通过初筛和复筛得到3株高效溶磷菌株ES-2、GY-2、TB-1;经鉴定3株菌皆属于曲霉属,分别为塔宾曲霉(Aspergillus tubingensis)、黑曲霉(A. niger)和烟曲霉(A. fumigatus);各菌株在以磷酸三钙为磷源的液体培养基中的有效增磷量在96 h时达到最大值,菌株ES-2为281.04 mg L−1,GY-2为274.24 mg L−1,TB-1为193.28 mg L−1。各菌株对不同磷源的溶解能力均为磷酸三钙 > 无机铁磷 > 磷酸锌水合物 > 磷酸铝 > 羟基磷灰石。
    结论 本研究获得了3株高效的溶磷真菌,能同时溶解5种难溶性磷源,为太白贝母大田生产中微生物溶磷菌肥的开发提供了菌种资源。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The aims were to screen high-efficient phosphorus-soluble fungi strains from the rhizosphere soil of Fritillaria taibaiensis from different producing areas, and to provide strain resources for the development of bacterial fertilizer in the cultivation process of Fritillaria taibaiensis.
    Method The phosphorus (P) solubilizing strains were screened by the P solubilizing ring method, and the high-efficient P solubilizing fungal strains were selected by the molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method. The colony morphology and ITS amplified sequence were identified. The P solubilization ability of the selected strains under different P source liquid medium was studied.
    Result A total of 29 P solubilizing fungi were isolated from rhizosphere soil samples of Fritillaria taibaiensis, and 3 highly effective P solubilizing strains ES-2, GY-2 and TB-1 were obtained through primary screening and rescreening. The three strains were identified as Aspergillus tubingensis, A. niger and A. fumigatus. In the liquid medium with tricalcium phosphate as the P source, the effective P increase of each strain reached the maximum value at 96 h, and the effective P increase of strain ES-2 was 281.04 mg L−1, GY-2 was 274.24 mg L−1, and TB-1 was 193.28 mg L−1. The dissolving ability of all strains to different P sources was tricalcium phosphate > inorganic iron P > zinc phosphate hydrate > aluminum phosphate > hydroxyapatite.
    Conclusion In this study, 3 strains of highly efficient P soluble fungi were obtained, which could dissolve 5 kinds of insoluble P sources at the same time, and provide strain resources for the development of microbial P soluble bacterial fertilizer in the field production of Fritillaria taibaiensis.

     

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